Environmental Sanitation Control

Environmental sanitation conditions and health impact: a case-control study.

This epidemiological investigation examines the impact of several environmental sanitation conditions and hygiene practices on diarrhea occurrence among children under five years of age living in an urban area. The case-control design was employed; 997 cases and 999 controls were included in the investigation. Cases were defined as children with diarrhea and controls were randomly selected amon...

Food Safety and Environmental Sanitation

Sustainable Environmental Sanitation and Water Services

Figure 1. Typical sewage treatment works schematic flow diagram in Hong Kong Hong Kong has the geographical advantage of being situated on the coast and therefore it is possible to use dual water supply systems (fresh + sea water systems in two separate distribution networks) for potable and non-potable uses. From the sea water supply system, about three quarters of the population in Hong Kong ...

From conventional to advanced environmental sanitation.

The basic concept of collecting domestic liquid waste in water-borne sewer systems goes back more than 100 years and became in the last century the conventional approach to sanitation in urban areas. Over the years, these sewage disposal systems had to be successively upgraded by additional sewage treatment plants increasing investment, operating and maintenance costs. Although these convention...

Environmental management in water and sanitation programmes

Management of the environment is closely allied to sustainable development, i.e. the use of renewable and non-renewable resources for present needs without jeopardizing future/long-term needs not only those of humans but also those of the other biotic components in the environment. With humans perceived as both manipulators and managers of the biosphere that part of the earth where life exists ...